Published evidence supporting Ref-1 inhibition in IBD

Mechanism

  1. Chemically induced partial unfolding of the multifunctional apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1

    Ratan Rai, Olabode I. Dawodu, Jingwei Meng, et al.

    Protein Science, 2025, 34(6):e70148

    PubMedDOI

IBD & Gut

  1. Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes in the Winnie mouse model of chronic colitis

    Ramya Ephraim, Sarah Fraser, Jeannie Devereaux, et al.

    Research Square (preprint), 2023

    DOI

  2. The Oxidative Stress and Nervous Distress Connection in Gastrointestinal Disorders

    Rhian Stavely, Leah C. Ott, Niloufar Rashidi, Samy Sakkal, Kulmira Nurgali

    Biomolecules, 2023, 13(11):1586

    PubMedDOI

  3. Molecular Targets to Alleviate Enteric Neuropathy and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

    Lauren Sahakian, Rachel McQuade, Rhian Stavely, et al.

    Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2022, 1383:221-228

    PubMedDOI

  4. Inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 Redox Signaling Alleviates Intestinal Dysfunction and Damage to Myenteric Neurons in a Mouse Model of Spontaneous Chronic Colitis

    Lauren Sahakian, Rhiannon T. Filippone, Rhian Stavely, et al.

    Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2021, 27(3):388-406 (published online 2020)

    PubMedDOI

Systemic Inflammation

  1. Inflammatory bowel disease induced inflammation augments clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential through Ref-1

    Ramesh Kumar, Linke Li, Sarah Urbut, et al.

    Blood, 2026, 147(20):2315-2327 NEW

    PubMedDOI

  2. Ref-1 drives ulcerative colitis induced systemic defects in hematopoietic cells

    Ramesh Kumar, Rahul Kanumuri, Sarah S. Burns, et al.

    Communications Biology, 2026, 9(1) NEW

    PubMedDOI

Clinical Trials

  1. A phase I study targeting the APE1/Ref-1 redox signaling protein with APX3330: first clinical agent targeting APE1/Ref-1 in cancer

    Mark R. Kelley, Jun Wan, Sheng Liu, et al.

    The Oncologist, 2026, 31(2):oyaf423 NEW

    PubMedDOI

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